Last year, we spent our first winter in our new place, which is actually an older home. Even with the heat turned up, it always felt chilly indoors. This year, we added insulation, but we’re wondering if there are additional steps we can take to make the house more comfortable this winter Can you offer any advice?
— Emily
Dear Emily: When we talk about comfort in our homes, we usually think about where the thermostat is set. But, as you’re finding, there’s more to the picture than just the indoor temperature.
An important piece of the comfort puzzle is radiant heat, which transfers heat from a warm surface to a colder one. A person sitting in a room that’s 70 degrees can still feel chilly if he or she is near a cold surface like a single-pane window, hardwood floor or exterior wall. Covering these cold surfaces can help. Try using area rugs, wall quilts or tapestries, bookcases and heavy curtains to help prevent heat loss and make your home feel more comfortable. Keep in mind that radiant heat can really work in your favor. A dark-colored tile floor that receives several hours of direct sun can retain heat during the day and radiate it into the room during the evening.
Air movement is another possible cause of discomfort during the winter. We recognize this when weather forecasts report chill factor, which is a calculation of air temperature and wind speed. Moving air makes us feel colder, which is why we use fans in the summer. But during the winter, cold outdoor air can infiltrate our homes.
On average, a typical home loses about half its air every hour, and that amount can increase when outdoor temperatures are extremely cold and the wind is blowing. In this case, the best way to keep your home toasty is to minimize air leaks. You can easily locate air leaks in your home with a blower door test, which is typically conducted by an energy auditor. Here are some of the most common spots where air leaks occur:
- Penetrations and cracks around windows and doors.
- Exterior cracks in brickwork and siding.
- Plumbing and wiring penetrations from the exterior to the interior of the home.
- Mail slots or pet doors.
A variety of products like caulk, weather stripping, outlet cover gaskets and dryer vent covers can be used to seal these leaks.
A fireplace can also be a major source of air leakage. If you don’t use the fireplace, you can seal the opening or install an inflatable chimney balloon. Before using the fireplace, consider this: Unless you have a high-efficiency insert, your fireplace will suck heated air from the room out through the chimney. Always close the flue when the fireplace is not in use.
Your pursuit of comfort should also include a careful look at your home’s heating system. Is it distributing heat evenly and efficiently? Forced-air systems distribute air through supply ducts and registers. A small room may only have one register, but large rooms could have several. You might find that some supply registers blow copious amounts of warm air and others little at all.
Ideally, all rooms will have return air registers. If you see possible shortcomings with your forced-air system, enlist the help of a certified contractor who really knows how to improve ductwork.
Ensure your furnace is running at peak efficiency by scheduling an annual inspection. Check your filter monthly, and replace or clean it as necessary. If you heat your home with radiators, bleed them at the beginning of the season so they flow more efficiently.
Beyond that, you can always warm yourself by wearing heavier clothing, doing some light exercise throughout the day and snuggling with a pet or under a blanket.
By taking some of these small steps, We hope you will enjoy a more comfortable winter in your new (older) home!
